Probiotics thiab Traditional suav tshuaj
Kev nce qib ntawm kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub thiab thev naus laus zis tau txuas ntxiv txhim kho thiab kev loj hlob ntawm TCM txoj kev xav, thiab tam sim no tib neeg tau pib nkag siab tob txog cov khoom xyaw thiab cov txheej txheem. Zaj dab neeg ntawm plab hnyuv microbiome tau qhib lub qhov rooj tshiab rau kev tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm TCM thiab nkag siab TCM txoj kev xav, tsim kom muaj qhov sib xyaw tshiab rau TCM thiab cov tshuaj niaj hnub, thiab dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb hauv TCM.
Lub tswv yim tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj yog qhov zoo ib yam li ntau qhov kev xav ntawm microecology, xws li kev xav ntawm microecology thiab kev xav ntawm viscera hauv cov tshuaj suav tshuaj, qhov tsis sib xws ntawm microecology thiab kev nce siab ntawm kev phem thiab zoo hauv cov tsoos suav tshuaj. tshuaj, thiab lwm yam Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, ntau cov kev tshawb fawb tau tshawb fawb txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj thiab plab hnyuv microecology. Cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm Tuam Tshoj National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) thiab Web of Science (WOS) qhia tias nyob rau hauv tsib lub xyoos dhau los, tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj thiab plab hnyuv microecology tau loj hlob sai. Nyob rau hauv 2022, nws yuav ntaus lub siab tshiab. CNKI qhia tau hais tias 414 cov ntawv Suav tau luam tawm, thiab WOS cov ntawv sau tseem ceeb qhia tau tias 337 cov ntawv Askiv tau luam tawm.
Siv CiteSpace software los txheeb xyuas cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tshawb fawb luam tawm xyoo 2022, nws tau pom tias cov kev tshawb fawb suav nrog hauv WOS core sau tau pom tias kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj thiab microbiome feem ntau tsom rau cov kab mob ulcerative, mob, rog, kev loj hlob, kev nyuaj siab lossis oxidative. kev nyuaj siab Ji et al.; Cov kev tshawb fawb suav nrog hauv CNKI qhia tau hais tias kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj thiab microbiome feem ntau tsom rau cov kab mob ulcerative colitis, kev tiv thaiv kab mob, tsis muaj dej cawv fatty siab, lub hlwb hauv plab axis, mob qog noj ntshav, thiab lwm yam.
Cov kev tshawb fawb luam tawm tau pom tias ntau cov tshuaj suav tshuaj ntsuab thiab lawv cov tshuaj hauv TCM kev kho mob cuam tshuam nrog lub plab microbiome (Table 1). Ntawm ib sab, cov hnyuv microbiome yuav metabolize cov tshuaj suav tshuaj (xws li hydrolysis, oxidation, txo, deacylation, thiab dealkylation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv), uas yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj thiab txawm tias tsim cov metabolites nrog tshuaj lom thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim. Cov tshuaj suav tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo yog metabolized rau hauv cov khoom xyaw nquag nrog cov teebmeem tshuaj. Piv txwv li, geniposide tsis tuaj yeem decomposed nyob rau hauv daim siab, tab sis nws yog hydrolyzed rau hauv genipin nyob rau hauv lub catalysis ntawm hnyuv microorganisms kom exert nws cov tshuaj. Cov tshuaj, ntawm qhov tod tes, tuaj yeem kho cov kab mob los ntawm kev hloov kho lub plab microbiome.
Undoubtedly, qhov nce ntawm microbiome kev tshawb fawb tau muab cov kev taw qhia tshiab rau kev tshuaj xyuas "black box" mechanism ntawm tsoos suav tshuaj. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, nrog rau kev sib sib zog nqus ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm tsoos suav tshuaj thiab microbiome, nws yuav tsum qhia ntau mechanisms ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm tsoos suav tshuaj, yog li txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm tsoos suav tshuaj. txhim kho.
Tsoos suav tshuaj Fermentation
Kev tshawb fawb microbiome tsis tau tsuas yog pab txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj, tab sis kuj txhawb kev nce ntawm fermented tsoos suav tshuaj ze ze rau cov kab mob.
Fermentation ntawm tsoos suav tshuaj muaj nyob rau thaum ntxov raws li ancient sij hawm, thiab nws yog ib tug txheej txheem. Piv txwv li, fermentation ntawm tsoos suav tshuaj xws li Liushenqu thiab Banxiaqu muaj keeb kwm ntau txhiab xyoo. "Compendium of Materia Medica" cov ntaub ntawv: "Panxia yog hauv av rau hauv hmoov, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab kua zaub alum yog siv los ua cov ncuav, thiab cov nplooj mulberry yog qhwv rau hauv pob tawb, khaub ncaws, ziab hauv lub hnub, nws qhov xwm thiab tsw yog iab, tiaj tus. , tuaj yeem txo cov phlegm thiab txo qhov hnoos, tshem tawm cov plab zom mov, thiab kho raws plab." Spinelli unfermented yog pungent thiab lom nyob rau hauv cov xwm.
Niaj hnub nimno suav tshuaj fermentation yog ib tug tshiab technology raws li cov qub txeeg qub teg ntawm ancient Suav tshuaj fermentation thiab kev koom ua ke ntawm niaj hnub scientific kev tshawb fawb tau. Extract thiab purify Suav tshuaj ntsuab nrog tshuaj thiab noj homology, thiab tom qab ntawd nqa tawm anaerobic fermentation nrog cov nyiam probiotic flora li hom. Nyob rau hauv tej yam tej yam kev mob (xws li kub, av noo, huab cua, noo noo, thiab lwm yam), los ntawm microbial transformation, macromolecular tshuaj ntawm tsoos suav tshuaj yog hloov mus rau hauv me me molecular Cheebtsam uas yuav ncaj qha absorbed los ntawm tib neeg txoj hnyuv, thiaj li ua tau zoo. ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav tau sai sai.
Feem ntau ntawm cov tshuaj yog cov khoom siv tshuaj, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv cov tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig yog nyob ib puag ncig ntawm phab ntsa ntawm tes. Lub tshuab microbial fermentation ncaj qha rho tawm cov khoom siv tau zoo, hla kev thaiv ntawm phab ntsa ntawm tes. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, los ntawm kev fermentation ntawm probiotics thiab degradation ntawm microorganisms, macromolecular zoo active tshuaj uas tsis tuaj yeem nqus tau ncaj qha thiab siv los ntawm tib neeg lub cev yog degraded rau hauv me me molecules, thiab cov khoom xyaw nquag tau txhim kho. Absorption muab kev ua si tag nrho rau kev ua tau zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, tab sis cov fermentation ntawm cov tshuaj suav tshuaj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau lub npe hu ua "cov tshuaj zoo qab zib". Suav tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj fermentation kua purified los ntawm fermentation saj zoo dua thiab yog ntau txaus rau tib neeg.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov kab mob muaj txiaj ntsig tau ntxiv rau cov tshuaj suav tshuaj thaum lub sijhawm fermentation, uas tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam metabolites theem nrab uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev noj qab haus huv. Los ntawm cov enzymatic hydrolysis thaum lub sij hawm fermentation txheej txheem, Suav tshuaj ntsuab tshuaj ntsuab thiab probiotics yuav tau txais txiaj ntsim los ntawm ib leeg los tsim ib tug muaj zog kho nyhuv.