Muaj ntau hom prebiotics, suav nrog oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, cog suav tshuaj ntsuab rho tawm, protein hydrolyzates thiab polyols. Cov khoom tsim tawm prebiotics feem ntau yog qee qhov oligosaccharides nrog bifidogenic muaj nuj nqi. Prebiotics tau siv dav hauv ntau yam khoom noj, xws li yogurt, mis nyuj haus, dej haus kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ci khoom, noj tshais cereals, khoom noj rau menyuam yaus, thiab lwm yam. Txawm hais tias cov neeg siv khoom paub txog nws tsis siab npaum li cov probiotics, kev ua lag luam ntawm prebiotics. yog qhia txog kev loj hlob zoo li ntau thiab ntau cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm prebiotics los txhawb txoj hnyuv. [8]
Thoob ntiaj teb, kev ua haujlwm oligosaccharides tau tsim ua ntej hauv Nyij Pooj thiab muaj ntau hom. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog synthesized los ntawm enzymatic txoj kev, thiab ntuj extracts nyob rau hauv cov haiv neeg tsawg. Fructooligosaccharides nkag mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam hauv xyoo 1983, isomaltooligosaccharides nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam hauv xyoo 1985, thiab galactooligosaccharides nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam hauv xyoo 1988. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, trehalose thiab Aspergillus niger oligosaccharides tau pib ua ib qho tom qab. Cov kev ua haujlwm oligosaccharides ntawm kev ua lag luam Nyij Pooj feem ntau suav nrog isomaltose, galactooligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides, xylo-oligosaccharides, lactulose oligosaccharides, lactulose, soybean oligosaccharides, raffinus ntau dua li ntawm 0 xyoo, Aspergol 0. }, 000 tons thiab muag txhua xyoo ntawm 13 billion yen. Ntawm tag nrho cov khoom noj noj qab haus huv, muaj 61 hom khoom npaj los ntawm kev ua haujlwm oligosaccharides rau kev kho cov hnyuv ua haujlwm, suav rau thawj qhov chaw hauv tag nrho cov ntau yam. [8]
Cov teb chaws Europe xws li Belgium, Fabkis, thiab Netherlands kuj tau tsim oligosaccharides tau ntau xyoo. Lub ntsiab ntau yam yog fructooligosaccharides thiab galactooligosaccharides. Cov khoom siv raw rau fructooligosaccharide ntau lawm txawv ntawm cov nyob hauv Nyiv. Inulin (fructan nrog qib siab ntawm polymerization, nrog rau qhov nruab nrab ntawm polymerization ntawm 7-60, feem ntau yog soluble dietary fiber) yog muab rho tawm los ntawm chicory, cov khoom siv cog, thiab tom qab ntawd enzymatically degraded kom tsawg polyfructose. Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm enzymatic synthesis nrog sucrase yog tsawg. Teb chaws Europe tsim oligosaccharides, feem ntau yog siv lawv cov indigestibility, ua rog hloov thiab noj fibers rau cov khoom noj uas muaj calorie tsawg. [8]
Kev tshawb fawb txog oligosaccharides hauv kuv lub tebchaws tau pib xyoo 1980s. Tab sis qhov tsim ntawm kev lag luam nplai thiab kev lag luam, tom qab ntawd mus rau "Ninth Tsib-Xyoo" lub sijhawm. Isomaltooligosaccharide yog tsim los ntawm txoj kev amylase. Xyoo 1995, kev tsim khoom lag luam tau ua tiav los ntawm Wuxi Candy Factory. Nyob rau hauv 1996, lub koom haum ntawm Microbiology, Suav Academy ntawm Sciences thiab Shandong Baolingbao tau tsim ib tug kws isomaltose Hoobkas nrog rau ib xyoos twg ntawm 2, 000 tons nyob rau hauv Yucheng, Shandong. Xyoo 1997, Jiangnan University of South Wuxi koom tes nrog lub tuam txhab hauv Yunnan, thiab thawj lub tuam txhab tau muab tso rau hauv kev tsim khoom hauv Kunming. Lub peev xwm tsim tawm txhua xyoo ntawm ntau yam oligosaccharides yog 50, 000 tons, thiab cov khoom tsim tawm ib xyoos twg yog 20,{10}},000 tons. Lub ntsiab ntau yam yog isomaltooligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides, xylo-oligosaccharides, mannose oligosaccharides, soybean oligosaccharides, chitosan, stachyose thiab hais txog. Feem ntau ntawm lawv yog synthesized los ntawm enzymatic txoj kev, thiab ntuj extracts nyob rau hauv cov haiv neeg tsawg. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov tseeb txhua xyoo cov khoom lag luam nrog cov zis txhua xyoo ntawm 10, 000 tons yog isomaltose, thiab cov zis txhua xyoo ntawm 1, 000 tons ntawm oligofructose yog cov zis txhua xyoo ntawm lwm yam. txwv. Functional oligosaccharides tau dav siv los ua cov khoom xyaw hauv ntau yam dej haus thiab khoom noj. Ntawm cov zaub mov noj qab haus huv, cov zaub mov noj qab haus huv tau pom zoo los ntawm Ministry of Health ntawm peb lub teb chaws los txhim kho txoj hnyuv laxative, cov oligosaccharides siv yog fructooligosaccharide, isomaltose, mannose oligosaccharide, soybean oligosaccharide, thiab lwm yam.; Cov zaub mov tswj kev noj qab haus huv muaj chitosan